Thursday, August 21, 2025

Cambodian History Timeline

The following is very much a work in progress on the history of Cambodia and the Khmer. The dates are largely based on the works of Roe, Lowman, Coedes, Chandler, and Liam C. Kelley. We hope to update this and further explore the fascinating history of this corner of mainland Southeast Asia at a future date.

245-250: Arrival of first Chinese envoys in Funan

357: Funan reported in Chinese sources to have offered to send tame elephants to China

514: Death of King Jayavarman

517: Envoy to China from Rudravarman

519: Envoy from Funan to China in 519

530: Envoy from Rudravarman to China in 530

535: Envoy from Rudravarman to China in 535

539: Envoy sent to China from Rudravarman

612: First (known) inscription in Khmer at Angkor Borei

616/17: Chinese reports of Chenla, former vassal of Funan now dominant

638: 4 embassies from the northwest of Khmer territory came to China

667: Inscription near Ba Phnom: shows 4 generations of an official family serving 5 kings (Rudravarman, Bhavavarman, Citrasena-Mahendravarman, Isanavarman, and Jayavarman I)

671-695: Chinese monk I-ching/Yi-tsing traveled in Southeast Asia

706: Split between Water Zhenla and Land Zhenla said to have taken place

770: First inscription of Jayavarman II

802: Beginning of Angkor period with Jayavarman II

817: Cham inscription in Sanskrit mentions their victory against Cambodia

851: The merchant Sulayman said to have traveled to Southeast Asia, heard tale of "Java" (Maharaja of Zabaj) defeating a Khmer king

877: Reign of Indravarman of Cambodia attested 

889-c. 910: Reign of Yasovarman I

928-941: Reign of Jayavarman IV

944-968: Reign of Rajendravarman. Centralization of Khmer realm may have developed during his reign

950: Rajendravarman raids Champa, taking a gold statue from the temple at Po Nagar

1002-1050: Reign of Suryavarman I

1011: Loyalty oats to Suryavarman I inscribed on stone

1025: Inscription from reign of Suryavarman near Lopburi

1050-1066: Reign of Udāyadityavarman II, who built the Baphuon

c.1052: Sdok Kak Thom Inscription 

1056: Cham raid of Sambhupura

1066-1080: Reign of Harshavarman III

1113-1150: Reign of Suryavarman II, builder of Angkor Wat

1115: Arrival of a tribute mission from Lopburi to China

1120: Tribute mission from Zhenla to China

1166/7: Reign of usurper from Lopburi at Angkor, Tribhuvanādityavarman

1171: A mandarin from Fukien landed on the coast of Champa, and said to have shared military expertise to help Chams defeat Angkor 

1177: Fall of Angkor to Cham forces, led by Jaya Indravarman IV

1182: Reign of Jayavarman VII began

1190: Jayavarman VII's invasion of Vijaya

1243- 1295: reign of Jayavarman VIII

1282/3: Chinese records of a mission from Xian (Siam)

1296: Śrī Śrīndravarman became king of Cambodia

1296-7: Zhao Daguan visited Angkor 

1351: Foundation of Ayutthaya

1369: Angkor temporarily abandoned (Mabbett)

1431: Letter cited by Liam Kelley indicating Siamese overthrow of the ruler of Sanfoqi (Cambodia?)

c.1570-1594: Reign of Sattha, who was well-disposed to Europeans. Was interested in an alliance with the Spanish and Portuguese

1570s: Cambodian king may have temporarily transferred the court to Angkor

1583: Thai attack on Longvaek

c.1585-1586: Spanish priest Antonio de Magdalena visited Angkor

1587: Thai unsuccessfully besieged Longvaek

1594: Thai sacking of Cambodian capital, Longvaek 

1594-1597: Reign of s Ram Jerng Prei

1603-1618: Reign of Paramaraja IV 

1618-1627: Reign of Jai Jettha II

1623: Vietnamese ask for a customs post at Prei Nokor (Saigon)

1642-1659: Reign of Ramadhipati I, who converted to Islam and was overthrown in 1659.

1672-1673: Reign of Padumaraja II

1680s: by this time, the future Saigon was seized by the Vietnamese from the Khmer

1747: Rebellion led by a daughter of Ang Im

1772: Phnom Penh destroyed by Thai/Siamese army

1775-1779: Reign of Ang Non III

1820: Revolt against Vietnamese led by a monk, Kai

1836: Revolt of Kom Svay against Vietnam

1860-1904: Reign of Norodom

1936: Appearance of a Khmer language newspaper called Angkor Wat

No comments:

Post a Comment